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Terms Infusion (Glossary) - v3.10
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S |
| s.l. |
| sensu lato (synonym) | | s.str. |
| sensu stricto (synonym) | | sa |
| supra-alar setae (synonym) | | sa setae |
| supra-alar setae (synonym) | | saprophagous |
Saprophagous Diptera feed on decaying material of all kinds usually as larvae. Very many Diptera are saprophagous.
| | sarcosaprophagous |
Sarcosaprophagous Diptera feed on decaying flesh, usually as larvae. They are of great importance in forensic entomology.
| | scuttle flies |
Vernacular name used for the family Phoridae.
Links: http://en.wikiped...i/Phoridae.
| | scuttle fly |
| scuttle flies (synonym) | | scutum |
The mesonotum is composed of three parts: the prescutum (not differentiated in most Diptera, except for some Nematocera), the scutum and the scutellum. The largest of these three is the scutum which is usually divided by a suture in an anterior part and a posterior part, the presutural and postsutural areas, respectively.
Image courtesy of Japan Drosophila Database | 
| | sensu lato |
"In a wide (taxonomic) sense" so, "genus Sarcophaga (sensu lato)" means including species which are in separate closely related genera in other taxonomic treatments. This should be explained fully in the text which follows the term, i.e. which genera are included. It is not the same as cf. which means uncertainly identified. | | sensu stricto |
| "In a narrow (taxonomic) sense" so, "genus Sarcophaga (sensu stricto)" means excluding species which are in separate closely related genera in other taxonomic treatments or species in the non-nominal subgenus: Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) sp. | | seta |
| Plural: setae. Structure on the surface of the insect body, often referred to as hairs or bristles. A seta may easily be lost but has a prominent socket (alveolus) which is raised on one side if the seta is slanted. Setae are usually connected to nerves and have a sensory function. | | setae |
| seta (synonym) | | sexual dimorphism |
The systematic morphological difference between individuals of different sex in the same species.
This difference usually does not relate to the parts of the postabdomen, where male and female genitalia are always different. Often the differences between the sexes are not very great, for example, the distance between the compound eyes is different between male and female flies inmany groups (e.g., touching eyes in males of most Syrphidae, always separate in females); several midge groups have males with strongly plumose antennae while females have almost bare antennae.
Very striking differences may be in groups where males have developed seconday sexual characters, like ornamentation of legs (e.g., in many Dolichopodidae), head (e.g., some Tephritidae) or antennae (e.g., also in some Dolichipodidae); or in groups where females have developed characters to assist in choosing a mate (e.g., penate legs in Empididae) or specialised structures for oviposition (e.g., in Conopidae). In some extreme cases, mainly due to the life habits of species, the male and female may hardly resemble each other because one sex has a different life habit than the other (one sex living underground most of its life or on a certain host, the other free living). This may result in loss of wings and/or atrophiation of certain body parts in one of the sexes. | | sexually dimorphic |
| sexual dimorphism (synonym) | | sister taxa |
| sister taxon (synonym) | | sister taxon |
| One of the two taxa on either side of a split in a cladogram. In practice: the taxon to which another taxon is more closely related than any other taxon. Usually refers to sister species, i.e., taxa at the species level. | | small-headed flies |
Vernacular name for the family Acroceridae.
Links: http://en.wikiped...croceridae;
http://groups.yah...croceridae. | | soldier flies |
Vernacular name for for the family Stratiomyidae.
Links: http://en.wikiped...atiomyidae (English version), http://de.wikiped...fenfliegen (German version) | | species |
Loose, practical definition: A group of individuals that can be recognised on the basis of shared morphological character traits and that resemble each other more than that they resemble inividuals with similar character traits.
One biological definition: A group of actually or potentially interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups (Ernst Mayr, 1963).
There are many definitions of species, many relating to the field they are applied to (identification, ecology, phylogeny, evolution, etc.). Many of the different definitions would give different results as to the species status of some populations of organisms: a population might be considered a species in the view of a evolutionary species concept but not in the view of a biological species concept. In addition it should be noted that a definition applied to one groups of organisms might not be applicabale to another group of organisms; for example groups of different evolotionary origin (bacteria, plants, vertebrates, arthropods, etc.) or groups wiht different life histories (sexually interbreeding, parthenogenetic, etc.).
Links: http://en.wikiped...biology%29, related pages and links offer a very full discussion.
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