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Moscow, park, under dead leaves, 15mm.

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Couid this be a baby earth worm? Even though it is difficult to see the proper borders between the segments.

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No, you can see sclerotised mouth parts on the right end. Must be some midge, indeed .. Louis

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So, Louis, I have to think about reaction tubes, you've just recomended

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of crane fly of family Limoniidae. A view of the spiracular plate from rear end may give light to which group it belongs, otherwise some one need to rear it to adulthood to find out. NIce shot!

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Thank you Chen. I'll try to rear it.
Nikita

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So, what's the verdict?
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This resembles a Culicoides larva (Ceratopogonidae)
Tony

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Thank you Tony.
To tell you truth this time I have doubts. For two reasons:
1. Chen Young is Limoniidae expert.
2. 15mm. Isn't it too much for Ceratopogonidae?
Nikita

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Surely it is not Diptera, it is some Nematoda (worm)

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Hi,
I think this is an Enchytraeus annelid, I have found many of these so far, some soil-particles are always visible inside them. Also live in decaying wood, etc. I have a photo of the head, it's more like Annelid then Nematode. The rings are not always so visible when the animal is not contracted. Spotting some bristles with microscope would help to decide if your specimen is truly an annelid, but there are some Enchytraeidae without bristles (setae) also. A picture from head:

Best regards,
Walter