#2
Hyperoscelis sp. larva. Head is not sclerotized (not typical for Nematocera), posterior end of body with 2 strong hooks.
develop in decayed stumps of fir.
#4
You are to find thick (30 sm) fallen dead fir or fir stump, very-very much decayed with wood of red-brown color. This wood is not very wet, but not too dry and when you touch it the wood falls to pieces like small bricks (in longitudinal and in transeverse sections at the same time). Sometimes the wood damaged by ants looks like this, but of course - no ants must be in this case. The larvae light and well seen. very slow. The only problem - all old trees are taken away from parks and controlled forests as a rule.