#3
Male in supertribe Cecidomyiidi. Based on host plant, probably Cecidomyiini. European literature may provide more specific ID. A quick search tells me
Thecodiplosis brachyntera is a possibility because related species mine needles.
Cecidomyia is found in resin, so is less likely.
#4
I checked some literature. According to Gagné (1978), "Larvae of
Cecidomyia pini leave the pitch mass to spin coccoons in which they pupate."
Gagme, R. J. 1978. A systematic analysis of the pine pitch midges, Cecidomyia spp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). USDA Technical Bulletin,
https://naldc.nal...AT87201463